EXPLANATION TEXT
Definition, Generic Structures, Purposes, Language Features
Definition of Explanation Text
Explanation is a text which tells processes relating to forming of natural, social, scientific and cultural phenomena. Explanation text is to say ‘why’ and ‘how’ of the forming of the phenomena. It is often found in science, geography and history text books.
Generic Structure of Explanation Text
– General statement
General statement; stating the phenomenon issues which are to be explained.
– Sequenced of explanation
Sequenced explanation; stating a series of steps which explain the phenomena.
Purpose of Explanation Text
– Explanation is a text which tells processes relating to forming of natural, social, scientific, and cultural phenomena.
– To explain how or why something happens.
Language Features of Explanation Text
– Using simple present tense
– Using abstract noun (no visible noun)
– Using Passive voice
– Using Action verbs
– Containing explanation of the process ..
Contoh dan soal Explanation teks dan soal
BIODIESEL
Biodiesel is a clean burning substitute for petroleum based diesel fuel. Biodiesel is made of vegetable oil.
To make or manufacture Biodiesel, you must first start with raw materials. The raw materials needed in the production of Biodiesel are a small amount of methanol and a ready supply of vegetable product. One of the most common vegetables used in the production of Biodiesel is corn, although depending on the geographic location of the manufacturing facility many other plants are used as well (rapeseed, soybeans, flaxseed, etc.). The first step is to use the raw vegetable product to make vegetable oil. Vegetable oil by itself will not be what you need to power a car, from here it has to be processed into Biodiesel.
The process for converting vegetable oil into Biodiesel is sometimes called ester interchange. To complete this process the vegetable oil has to be combined with a smaller amount of methanol and then put in the presence of a small quantity of an alkaline catalyst (for example, 5% to 1% sodium hydroxide). Vegetable oil is made up of so-called triglycerides, which is a compound of the trivalent alcohol glycerin with three fatty acids. The goal of ester interchange is to separate the glycerin molecule from the three fatty acids and replace it with three methanol molecules. This process then yields roughly 90% Biodiesel and 10% of a glycerin byproduct. The glycerin byproduct can be used in a number of other chemical processes for different industries.
TERJEMAH
BIODIESEL
Biodiesel adalah pengganti pembakaran bersih untuk bahan bakar diesel berbasis minyak bumi. Biodiesel terbuat dari minyak nabati.
Untuk membuat atau memproduksi Biodiesel, Anda harus terlebih dahulu mulai dengan bahan baku. Bahan baku yang dibutuhkan dalam produksi Biodiesel adalah sejumlah kecil metanol dan pasokan produk sayuran siap pakai. Salah satu sayuran yang paling umum digunakan dalam produksi Biodiesel adalah jagung, meskipun tergantung pada lokasi geografis fasilitas manufaktur banyak tanaman lain yang digunakan juga (rapeseed, kedelai, biji rami, dll). Langkah pertama adalah menggunakan produk nabati mentah untuk membuat minyak nabati. Minyak sayur dengan sendirinya tidak akan menjadi apa yang Anda butuhkan untuk menyalakan mobil, dari sini ia harus diolah menjadi Biodiesel.
Proses untuk mengubah minyak nabati menjadi Biodiesel kadang-kadang disebut ester interchange. Untuk menyelesaikan proses ini minyak nabati harus dikombinasikan dengan jumlah metanol yang lebih sedikit dan kemudian dimasukkan ke dalam sejumlah kecil katalis alkalin (misalnya, 5% sampai 1% natrium hidroksida). Minyak nabati terdiri dari apa yang disebut trigliserida, yang merupakan senyawa dari alkohol gliserin trivalen dengan tiga asam lemak. Tujuan pertukaran ester adalah memisahkan molekul gliserin dari tiga asam lemak dan menggantinya dengan tiga molekul metanol. Proses ini kemudian menghasilkan sekitar 90% Biodiesel dan 10% dari produk sampingan gliserin. Produk sampingan gliserin dapat digunakan dalam sejumlah proses kimia lainnya untuk industri yang berbeda.
1. What is the text about?
A. The process of making Biodiesel
B. The use of the Biodiesel.
C. The advantage of using the Biodiesel.
D. The benefit of producing the Biodiesel.
E. The development of the Biodiesel product.
2. What are interchanged in the process of ester interchange?
A. The three fatty acids with the glycerin molecules.
B. The glycerin molecule with three methanol molecules
C. Methanol with the three fatty acids.
D. Vegetable oil with methanol
E. Methanol and alkaline catalyst.
3. According to the text, one of the advantages in using biodiesel is…
A. it is cheap.
B. it only uses vegetable oil.
C. it uses replaceable materials.
D. it can be done in small industry.
E. it gives less pollution than petroleum
4. “The process for converting vegetable oil…”(Paragraph 3). The word “converting” is closest in meaning to…
A. Producing
B. Separating
C. Attaching
D. Processing
E. Changing
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